## main426

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    // main426.cc is a part of the PYTHIA event generator.
    // Copyright (C) 2025 Torbjorn Sjostrand.
    // PYTHIA is licenced under the GNU GPL v2 or later, see COPYING for details.
    // Please respect the MCnet Guidelines, see GUIDELINES for details.

    // Authors:
    //            Christian Bierlich

    // Keywords:
    //            Heavy ions
    //            Glauber
    //            Npart
    //            Ncoll
    //            Fixed target
    //            p‑Ne
    //            Angantyr
    //            Total cross sections

    // This test program is intended to showcase how initial state
    // quantities from the heavy ion model Angantyr can be extracted.
    // In the example, Neon is added as a target, Angantyr is run
    // in fixed target mode, and cross section and Glauber quantities
    // are extracted from the program, as well as calculated directly,
    // to illustrate how the numbers are obtained.

    #include "Pythia8/Pythia.h"

    // You need to include this to get access to the HIInfo object for
    // HeavyIons.
    #include "Pythia8/HeavyIons.h"

    using namespace Pythia8;

    //==========================================================================

    int main() {

      Pythia pythia;

      // We want to do fixed target, proton on neon. Since 20Ne is not
      // a standard particle in Pythia, we add it to the database before
      // setting the beam.
      pythia.particleData.addParticle(1000100200, "20Ne", 6, 30, 0, 19.992440);

      // Set up beams, use the newly added Ne.
      pythia.readString("Beams:idA = 2212");
      pythia.readString("Beams:idB = 1000100200");

      // Run fixed target. When beam energy is lower than the mass per nucleon,
      // it is assumed at rest.
      pythia.readString("Beams:eA = 2500");
      pythia.readString("Beams:eB = 0");
      pythia.readString("Beams:frameType = 2");

      // Parameters for cross section model.
      pythia.readString("Angantyr:CollisionModel = 2");
      pythia.readString("HeavyIon:SigFitDefPar = "
        "21.06,27.80,0.15");
      pythia.readString("HeavyIon:SigFitNGen = 10");

      // If Pythia fails to initialize, exit with error.
      if (!pythia.init()) return 1;

      // Count the number of inelastic non-diffractive subcollisions.
      // In proton-Ion, this is the same as wounded nucleons in the target.
      // Compare to the ones output by built-in methods.
      Hist nColl1("nColl1", 15, 0, 15);
      Hist nColl2("nColl2", 15, 0, 15);
      Hist nCollGlauber("nCollGlauber", 15, 0, 15);
      // Number of participants in the target.
      Hist nPart("nPart", 15, 0, 15);
      // Sum of weights.
      double sumW = 0;

      // Loop over events.
      for ( int iEvent = 0; iEvent < 100000; ++iEvent ) {
        if ( !pythia.next() ) continue;
        // Short-hand for the pointer to Heavy Ion Info.
        auto hiPtr = pythia.info.hiInfo;
        // Short-hand for the pointer to SubCollisions.
        auto scPtr = hiPtr->subCollisionsPtr();
        // nColl are all the subcollisions which ended up generating
        // particles, i.e. did not fail due to non-conservation of
        // momentum.
        int nColl = 0;
        // nCollGlauber are all subcollisions from the Glauber
        // calculation. Not all of them will be realized.
        int nCollG = 0;
        // Count subcollisions by type. Inelastic non-diffractive are
        // called "absorptive", code ABS.
        for (auto sc : *scPtr) {
          if (sc.type == SubCollision::ABS) ++nCollG;
          if (sc.type == SubCollision::ABS && !sc.failed) ++nColl;
        }
        // The event weight is needed to fill histograms.
        const double weight = pythia.info.weight();
        sumW += weight;
        nColl1.fill(nColl, weight);
        nColl2.fill(hiPtr->nCollND(), weight);
        nCollGlauber.fill(nCollG, weight);
        nPart.fill(hiPtr->nAbsTarg(), weight);
      }

      pythia.stat();
      // Extract the incoherent, inelastic proton-ion cross sections,
      // and print it, i.e. the cross section of everything that produces
      // particles in the final state. It is the sum of all inelastic
      // nucleon-nucleon channels.
      double sigmaInel = 0.;
      double sigmaInel2Err = 0.;
      for (int i : {101, 103, 104, 105}) {
        sigmaInel += pythia.info.sigmaGen(i);
        sigmaInel2Err += pow2(pythia.info.sigmaErr(i));
      }
      // Convenient short-hands.
      const string projName = pythia.particleData.name(pythia.event[1].id());
      const string targName = pythia.particleData.name(pythia.event[2].id());
      const double eCM = pythia.info.eCM();
      cout << "\n=======Output from main426=====================" << endl;
      cout << "Incoherent, inelastic cross section for:" << endl;
      cout << projName << " on " << targName << " at sqrt(s_NN) = ";
      cout << eCM << " GeV." << endl;
      cout << "sigma = " << sigmaInel << " +/- " << sqrt(sigmaInel2Err) <<
      " mb." <<  endl;
      cout << "===============================================" << endl;

      // Plot the histograms with matplotlib.
      HistPlot hpl("plot426");
      hpl.frame("fig426", "Glauber statistics "+projName+" on "+targName+
        " $\\sqrt{s_{\\mathrm{NN}}}$ = "+to_string(eCM)+" GeV", "$N$", "$P(N)$" );
      hpl.add(nColl1/sumW, "-,blue","Subcollisions from main426");
      hpl.add(nColl2/sumW, "x,green","Subcollisions from hiInfo");
      hpl.add(nCollGlauber/sumW, "-,red", "Subcollisions from main426, "
        "including failed");
      hpl.add(nPart/sumW, "*,orange", "Participants from hiInfo");
      hpl.plot(0, 15, 1e-6, 1, true);

      return 0;
    }